Nongumming motor fuel



Patented Dec. 28, 1937 NONG Lester S.

Z'lt'tli'i MO'EQR e", Shaker Heights. (mic.

Edith a maveland, Ohio, a corporation or @111 Dimculties from sticking of valve stems in m temal combustion engines while not so serious as formerly, are still found to occur occasionally. This is due to some sporadic gum-formation which may develop in gasoline even after customary preventivemeasures, or more usually to gum developing in over-used crank case oil which finds access to the valve stems. In an effort to remedy any such occurrences it has been suggested in the industry to incorporate in the gasoline a small amount of oil on the theory that the latter would act as a solvent or soften the gum film to the point where it would not be sticky. However, the matter does not always work out according to theory, and the only such oil found feasible has been a naphthenic oil, and this had to be selected very carefully in the close standards' based on A. P. I. gravity of between 18 and 31, and an aniline point between l85130. Other oils such as parac oils have prevented operativeness. I have now found that by certain modifications motor fuel can be made for. eflective prevention of valve-sticking trouble, and materials employed are widely available and not subject to sharply critical limitations.

' To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these how- 1 ever, being indicative of only a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.

Any usual or desired gasoline may be treated, and in accordance with the invention there is incorporated a non-lubricating mineral oil and a halogenated aromatic compound in' small amounts. The non-lubricating mineral oil may be of r any convenient field-source, whether napthenic or parafiinic, the viscosity being low,

for instance under 250 sec. Saybolt universal at 100 F. and in general'between 50 and 250 sec. With an oil of such body, a lubricating function is not concerned, nor is such in fact desired. The non-lubricating oil fraction is without peculiar limitations otherwise than stated, and as regards gravity may run a range for'instance between 18 and 35. The aniline point may range between. 130 and 210, and the kauri butanoi number (in accordance with Journal of Industrial 8: Engineering Chemistry, Analytical Edition September 1933) may range between 10 and 40. The halogenated aromatic compound should of course be oil-soluble, and may be for instance (GB. M-Ei) chlorinated benzenes, asmono-chiorbenzene, ortho-dichlorbenzene, etc., chlornaphthalenes, as alpha chlomaphthalene, beta chlornaphtalene, 1, 2, 3, 4, tetrahydro 5 or 6 chloronaphthalene, chlordiphenyls, as 2 chlordiphenyl, 4 chlordiphenyl, chlorinated homologs, chlorinated substituted benzenes or alkyl benzenes, chlorinated substituted naphthalenes or alkyl naphthalenes, chlorinated substituted diphenyl or alkyl diphenyl, as 4 chloro 4' butyl or tertiary butyl diphenyl, and chlorinated and substituted diphenyl oxide or alkyl diphenyl oxide, such as 4 chloro 4' butyl or tertiary butyl, or ethyl, or propyl diphenyl oxide.

As indicated, the amounts of the non-lubrieating oil and the halogenated compound are relatively small, and for practical results the amount of oil may be about 0.2 to 1.6 per cent and the halogenated aromatic compound about 0.02

to 0.4 per cent. As an example: With a gasoline there is in-' corporated about 0.675 per cent of a non-lubrieating mineral oil having a viscosity of about 115 sec. Saybolt universal at 100 R, an A. P. I. gravity of about 25.6, an aniline point of about 172, and a kauri butanol and about 0.075 per cent of 4 chloro 4' ethyl diphenyl oxide.

As another example: With a gasoline there isincorporated about 0.675 per cent of a non-lubrieating mineral oil having a viscosity of about 68 sec. Saybolt universal at F., an A. P. I. gravity of 30.4, an aniline point of about 181 and kauri butanoi number of about 25.1, and about 0.075 per cent of ortho-dichlorbenzene.

The present invention will be readily distinguished from instances of lubricated gasoline, and also from instances of addition of specially selected naphthenic oils, and while it is not wholly clear Just what the mode of action of the present composition may be, of chemical-suppression or some action on formed gum, it is suflicient to note that gumming diiilculties in the operation of internal combustion engines may be thus feasibly obviated, and in a manner practicable and free from undue complication.

Other modes of applying the principle of the invention 'may be employed change being made as regards the details described, provided, however, the features stated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.

1 therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:,

1. A motor fuel, comprising a gasoline having number of about 25.4,

whether along the line its gum-soiventicity raised with about 02-15 per cent of a mineral oil of 18-35 gravity devoid of lubricating viscosity for internal combustion engine temperature and about 0.02-0.4 per cent of ortho-dichlorbenzene.

4. A motor fuel, comprising a gasoline having its gum-solventicity raised with about 0.2-1.6 per cent of a mineral oil of 18-35 gravity devoid of lubricating viscosity for internal combustion engine temperature and about 0.02-0.4 per cent 10 of 4 chloro 4' ethyl diphenyl oxide.

LESTER S. BALE.

DISCLAIMER 2,103,927.Leste7" S. Bale, Shaker Heights, Ohio. NONGUMMING MOTOR FUEL Patent dated December 28, 1937. Disclaimer filed March 22, 1938, by the assignee, The Standard Oil Company (Ohio). Hereby disclaims from the scope of the claims mineral oils except those having rl sggshi ties below 70 seconds and downward as low as 50 seconds Saybolt Universal at [Ofiicial Gazette April 19, 1.938.] 

